Browsing Institutt for miljø- og naturvitskap by Issue Date

Now showing items 301-320 of 528

    • Environmental Impacts of Expanding Small-scale Hydropower in Sogn & Fjordane 

      Kortner, Nicolai Lie; Olsen, Øystein Myrås; Sundet, Christian (Bachelor thesis, 2019)
      In this thesis we made use of GIS-software to assess the visible impacts of small-scale hydropower in Sogn & Fjordane and compare it with the area of installation before and after construction. We found that the visible ...

    • En empirisk studie av barrierer og suksesskriterier for geotermisk energi i Norge. 

      Barlinn, Joachim Elg; Nilsen, Torbjørn Bygdnes; Undheim, Audun (Bachelor thesis, 2019)
      Geotermisk energi har et enormt potensial for energiutvinning, men er en relativt liten del av det norske energibildet i dag. Med den 25. klimakonvensjonen og dagens energiomstilling mot et lavutslippssamfunn i tankene, ...

    • Modelling the effect of surface hoar formation on the temperature gradient and vapor pressure gradient in a snowpack 

      Lundberg, Just Cristian; Storebakken, Brage; Zieritz, Natalia (Bachelor thesis, 2019)
      Buried surface hoar layers and faceted crystals are both typical persistent weak layers for initiating an avalanche. Faceted crystals are formed under large vapor pressure gradients which are made by large temperature ...

    • A Landform Evolution Model for the Mannen Area in Romsdal Valley, Norway 

      Hilger, Paula; Hermanns, Reginald; Etzelmüller, Bernd (Chapter, 2020)
      The Quaternary geology of western Norway’s landscape is the result of glacial and post-glacial sedimentation and erosional processes, a significant sea-level drop and high rock-slope failure activity. All these processes ...

    • The role of 4th generation district heating (4GDH) in a highly electrified hydropower dominated energy system - The case of Norway 

      Askeland, Kristine; Rygg, Bente Johnsen; Sperling, Karl (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      District heating (DH) is considered an important component in a future highly renewable European energy system. With the turn towards developing 4th generation district heating (4GDH), the integral role of district heating ...

    • GrSMBMIP: intercomparison of the modelled 1980-2012 surface mass balance over the Greenland Ice Sheet 

      Fettweis, Xavier; Hofer, Stefan; Krebs-Kanzow, Uta; Amory, Charles; Aoki, Teruo; Berends, Constantijn J.; Born, Andreas; Box, Jason E.; Delhasse, Alison; Fujita, Koji; Gierz, Paul; Goelzer, Heiko; Hanna, Edward; Hashimoto, Akihiro; Huybrechts, Philippe; Kapsch, Marie-Luise; King, Michaela D.; Kittel, Christoph; Lang, Charlotte; Langen, Peter L.; Lenaerts, Jan T.M.; Liston, Glen E.; Lohmann, Gerrit; Mernild, Jacob Sebastian Haugaard; Mikolajewicz, Uwe; Modali, Kameswarrao; Mottram, Ruth H.; Niwano, Masashi; Noël, Brice; Ryan, Jonathan C.; Smith, Amy; Streffing, Jan; Tedesco, Marco; Van de Berg, Willem Jan; Van den Broeke, Michiel; Van de Wal, Rodecrick S.; Von Kampenhout, Leo; Wilton, David; Wouters, Bert; Ziemen, Florian; Zolles, Tobias (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Observations and models agree that the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB) has decreased since the end of the 1990s due to an increase in meltwater runoff and that this trend will accelerate in the future. ...

    • Reliably predicting pollinator abundance: Challenges of calibrating process-based ecological models 

      Gardner, Emma; Breeze, Tom D.; Clough, Yann; Smith, Henrik G.; Baldock, Katherine C. R.; Campbell, Alistair; Garratt, Michael; Gillespie, Mark Andrew; Kunin, William E.; McKerchar, Megan; Memmott, Jane; Potts, Simon G.; Senepathi, Deepa; Stone, Graham N.; Wackers, Felix; Westbury, Duncan B.; Wilby, Andrew; Oliver, Tom H. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Pollination is a key ecosystem service for global agriculture but evidence of pollinator population declines is growing. Reliable spatial modelling of pollinator abundance is essential if we are to identify areas at risk ...

    • Review Article: How does glacier discharge affect marine biogeochemistry and primary production in the Arctic? 

      Hopwood, Mark J.; Dustin, Carroll; Dunse, Thorben; Hodson, Andy; Holding, Johnna M; Iriarte, José L.; Ribeiro, Sofia; Achterberg, Eric P.; Cantoni, Carolina; Carlson, Daniel F.; Chierici, Melissa; Clarke, Jennifer S.; Cozzi, Stefano; Fransson, Agneta; Juul- Pedersen, Thomas; Winding, Mie S.; Meire, Lorenz (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Freshwater discharge from glaciers is increasing across the Arctic in response to anthropogenic climate change, which raises questions about the potential downstream effects in the marine environment. Whilst a combination ...

    • Neighborhood effects of herbivore-induced plant resistance vary along an elevational gradient 

      Fonseca Benevenuto, Rafael; Seldal, Tarald; Moe, Stein Ragnar; Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar; Hegland, Stein Joar (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The activation of plant defense systems in response to herbivory or experimentally applied methyl jasmonate (MeJA) involves the production of chemical defense substances functioning as warning signals to repel herbivores ...

    • Collective Action and Social Innovation in the Energy Sector: A Mobilization Model Perspective 

      Gregg, Jay; Nyborg, Sophie; Hansen, Meiken; Schwanitz, Valeria Jana; Wierling, August Hubert; Zeiss, Jan Pedro; Delvaux, Sarah; Saenz, Victor; Polo-Alvarez, Lucia; Candelise, Chiara; Gilcrease, Winston; Arrobbio, Osman; Sciullo, Alessandro; Padovan, Dario (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      This conceptual paper applies a mobilization model to Collective Action Initiatives (CAIs) in the energy sector. The goal is to synthesize aspects of sustainable transition theories with social movement theory to gain ...

    • Ordovician shoshonitic to ultrapotassic volcanism in the central Norwegian Caledonides: The result of sediment subduction, mantle metasomatism and mantle partial melting 

      Dalslåen, Bjørgunn Heggem; Gasser, Deta; Grenne, Tor; Augland, Lars Eivind; Corfu, Fernando (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Shoshonitic to ultrapotassic, mantle-derived volcanic rocks found within certain accretionary and collisional settings have trace element patterns comparable to those of common arc-related rocks, but with extreme enrichments ...

    • Patterns in Microbial Assemblages Exported From the Meltwater of Arctic and Sub-Arctic Glaciers 

      Kohler, Tyler J.; Vinšová, Petra; Falteisek, Lukáš; Žárský, Jakub D.; Yde, Jacob C.; Hatton, Jade E.; Hawkings, Jon R.; Lamarche-Gagnon, Guillaume; Hood, Eran; Cameron, Karen; Stibal, Marek (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Meltwater streams connect the glacial cryosphere with downstream ecosystems. Dissolved and particulate matter exported from glacial ecosystems originates from contrasting supraglacial and subglacial environments, and ...

    • Molecular and ecological plant defense responses along an elevational gradient in a boreal ecosystem 

      Benevenuto, Rafael Fonseca; Seldal, Tarald; Polashock, James; Moe, Stein Ragnar; Rodriguez-Saona, Cesar; Gillespie, Mark Andrew Kusk; Hegland, Stein Joar (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Plants have the capacity to alter their phenotype in response to environmental factors, such as herbivory, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. However, little is known on how plant responses to herbivory are modulated ...

    • Grand Narratives for sustainable mobility: A conceptual review 

      Holden, Erling; Banister, David; Gössling, Stefan; Gilpin, Geoffrey Sean; Linnerud, Kristin (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      The concept of sustainable mobility has had a relatively short life, first being used about 30 years ago. In that time, some progress has been made, but transport is still not contributing enough to the internationally set ...

    • Sub-permafrost methane seepage from open-system pingos in Svalbard 

      Hodson, Andrew; Nowak, Aga; Hornum, Mikkel Toft; Senger, Kim; Redeker, Kelly Robert; Christiansen, Hanne H; Jessen, Søren; Betlem, Peter; Thornton, Steve F.; Turchyn, Alexandra V.; Olaussen, Snorre; Marca, Alina (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Methane release from beneath lowland permafrost represents an important uncertainty in the Arctic greenhouse gas budget. Our current knowledge is arguably best developed in settings where permafrost is being inundated by ...

    • Paradise lost — transformation of the gully landscape in South-East Norway 

      Hamre, Liv Norunn; Rydgren, Knut; Incerti, Christian; Hjorth-Johansen, Ingrid; Simonsen, Kia Sandra (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      In the last 50–60 years, agricultural intensification and later urban development have threatened the rare and valuable gully landscape formed on marine clay. We studied landscape changes in eastern Akershus county in ...

    • Biogeochemical processes in the active layer and permafrost of a High Arctic fjord valley 

      Jones, Eleanor; Hodson, Andrew; Thornton, Steven F.; Redeker, Kelly Robert; Rogers, Jade; Wynn, Peter M.; Dixon, Timothy J.; Bottrell, Simon H.; O’Neill, H. Brendan (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Warming of ground is causing microbial decomposition of previously frozen sedimentary organic carbon in Arctic permafrost. However, the heterogeneity of the permafrost landscape and its hydrological processes result in ...

    • Assessing recovery of alpine spoil heaps by vascular plant, bryophyte, and lichen functional traits 

      Sulavik, Jan; Auestad, Inger; Halvorsen, Rune; Rydgren, Knut (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      Functional traits are linked to ecosystem processes and services and therefore relevant in recovery assessment. However, traits of bryophytes and lichens, important components of many ecosystems, have received less attention ...

    • Numerical modelling of permafrost spring discharge and open-system pingo formation induced by basal permafrost aggradation 

      Hornum, Mikkel Toft; Hodson, Andrew; Jessen, Søren; Bense, Victor; Senger, Kim (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      In the high Arctic valley of Adventdalen, Svalbard, sub-permafrost groundwater feeds several pingo springs distributed along the valley axis. The driving mechanism for groundwater discharge and associated pingo formation ...

    • Global gene flow releases invasive plants from environmental constraints on genetic diversity 

      Smith, Annabel L.; Hodkinson, Trevor R.; Villellas, Jesus; Catford, Jane A.; Csergö, Anna Mária; Blomberg, Simone P.; Crone, Elizabeth E.; Ehrlén, Johan; Garcia, Maria B.; Laine, Anna-Liisa; Roach, Deborah A.; Salguero-Gòmez, Roberto; Wardle, Glenda M.; Childs, Dylan Z.; Elderd, Bret D.; Finn, Alain; Munné-Bosch, Sergi; Baudraz, Maude E. A.; Bódis, Judit; Brearley, Francis Q.; Bucharova, Anna; Caruso, Christina M.; Duncan, Richard P.; Dwyer, John M.; Gooden, Ben; Groenteman, Ronny; Hamre, Liv Norunn; Helm, Aveliina; Kelly, Ruth; Laanisto, Lauri; Lonati, Michele; Moore, Joslin L.; Morales, Melanie; Olsen, Siri Lie; Pärtel, Meelis; Petry, William K.; Ramula, Satu; Rasmussen, Pil U.; Enri, Simone Ravetto; Roeder, Anna; Roscher, Christiane; Saastamoinen, Marjo; Tack, Ayco J.M.; Töpper, Joachim Paul; Vose, Gregory E.; Wandrag, Elizabeth M.; Wingler, Astrid; Buckley, Yvonne M. (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)
      When plants establish outside their native range, their ability to adapt to the new environment is influenced by both demography and dispersal. However, the relative importance of these two factors is poorly understood. ...