Cause and Sequence of Accident/Incidents in Shipyards

Abstract

This study investigates the causes of accidents, incidents, and near misses in a shipyard over a six-month period from June to November 2023. All related accident/incident and near miss data used in this paper, have been derived from a company’s documentation system, which has contributed to the paper’s development. The research broadens its scope to include not only human outcomes but also business impacts. Data from 169 incidents were analyzed using Microsoft Excel, categorizing each event by its different causes and consequences. The research question "What are the causes and consequences of accident/incident and near miss in shipyards?" is going to be discussed and addressed in this research. The temporal analysis revealed that most incidents occurred towards the end of the week and around midday, with a significant spike in incidents involving injury or illness occurring in the afternoon. Human factors, particularly loss of situational awareness, were identified as the primary direct causes, accounting for 61.1% of incidents. Other significant direct causes included physical stress (20.7%) and mental stress (14.2%). Systemic factors such as inadequate work methods and procedures (30.2%) and insufficient training and competence (26.6%), alongside workplace factors like lack of competent personnel and poor work environment, were also identified as major contributors to these incidents. The study's findings underscore the critical need for improved safety practices, comprehensive training programs, and stringent procedural compliance to mitigate future risks and enhance organizational resilience. Recommendations for enhanced supervision during peak accident times, the implementation of additional breaks, and the adoption of rotational shifts are proposed to reduce fatigue and human error. Furthermore, the study advocates for a robust safety culture, continuous monitoring, and the use of fit-for-purpose equipment to prevent accidents and improve overall safety in the shipyard environment. By addressing both human and business impacts, this research provides a framework for understanding and mitigating risks in high-risk industrial settings.