• Experimental study of smouldering in wood pellets with and without air draft 

      Rebaque, Virginia; Ertesvåg, Ivar Ståle; Mikalsen, Ragni Fjellgaard; Steen-Hansen, Anne (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2020)
      Dry wood pellets (diameter 8 mm) of mixed Norwegian spruce and pine were tested in samples of 1.25 kg (1.7 l) in configurations with and without air draft from below. The pellets were placed in a vertical 15 cm diameter ...
    • Extinguishing smoldering fires in wood pellets with water cooling- an experimental study 

      Mikalsen, Ragni Fjellgaard; Hagen, Bjarne Christian; Steen-Hansen, Anne; Krause, Ulrich; Frette, Vidar (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-11)
      Smoldering fires in stored or transported solid biofuels are very difficult to extinguish. The current study has explored heat extraction from the combustion zone as a method for extinguishing such flameless fires. Heat ...
    • Onset of smoldering fires in storage silos: Susceptibility to design, scenario, and material parameters 

      Villacorta, Edmundo; Haraldseid, Ingunn; Mikalsen, Ragni Fjellgaard; Hagen, Bjarne Christian; Erland, Sveinung; Kleppe, Gisle Yngvar Romslo; Krause, Ulrich; Frette, Vidar (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021)
      Biomass fuels in large storage units are prone to self-heating and ignition causing smoldering fires. Here, the susceptibility of such ignition processes to parameters is explored through small-scale experiments. In a silo ...